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Tree Physiology Advance Access originally published online on September 22, 2009
Tree Physiology 2009 29(11):1329-1339; doi:10.1093/treephys/tpp075
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Productivity, water-use efficiency and tolerance to moderate water deficit correlate in 33 poplar genotypes from a Populus deltoides x Populus trichocarpa F1 progeny

R. Monclus1,2,3,4,{dagger}, M. Villar5, C. Barbaroux1,2, C. Bastien5, R. Fichot1,2,5, F.M. Delmotte1,2, D. Delay1,2, J.-M. Petit1,6, C. Bréchet3,4, E. Dreyer3,4 and F. Brignolas1,2,6

1 Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, UFR-Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Orléans, UPRES EA 1207, rue de Chartres, BP 6759, F-45067 Orléans Cedex 02, France
2 INRA, USC2030 Arbres et Réponses aux Contraintes Hydrique et Environnementales (ARCHE), F-45067 Orléans, France
3 INRA, UMR1137 Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières, 54280 Champenoux, France
4 Nancy-Université, UMR1137, Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières, F-54500 Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
5 INRA, UR Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières, BP 20619 Ardon, 45166 Olivet Cedex, France
6 Corresponding author (franck.brignolas{at}univ-orleans.fr)


  Abstract

Genotypic variability for productivity, water-use efficiency and leaf traits in 33 genotypes selected from an F1 progeny of Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh x Populus trichocarpa L. was explored under optimal and moderate water-deficit conditions. Saplings of the 33 genotypes were grown in a two-plot open field at INRA Orléans (France) and coppiced every year. A moderate water deficit was induced during two successive years on one plot by withholding irrigation, while the second one remained irrigated (control). Stem biomass and leaf structure (e.g., specific leaf area and leaf area) were measured in 2004 and 2005 and functional leaf traits (e.g., carbon isotope discrimination, {Delta}) were measured only in 2004. Tolerance to water deficit was estimated at genotype level as the ability to limit losses in biomass production in water deficit versus control trees. Stem biomass, leaf structure and {Delta} displayed a significant genotypic variability whatever the irrigation regime. For all traits, genotype ranks remained stable across years for similar irrigation conditions. Carbon isotope discrimination scaled negatively with productivity and leaf nitrogen content in controls. The most productive genotypes were the least tolerant to moderate water deficit. No relationship was evidenced between {Delta} and the level of tolerance to water deficit. The relationships between traits evidenced in this collection of P. deltoides x P. trichocarpa F1 genotypes contrast with the ones that were previously detected in a collection of P. deltoides x Populus nigra L. cultivars tested in the same field trial.

Keywords: broad-sense heritability, carbon isotope discrimination and leaf traits, drought tolerance, genotypic variability, hybrid poplars, open field

Received April 23, 2009; Accepted August 8, 2009

{dagger} In memoriam (September 2006).


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